Winter driving conditions (wet, cold and icy weather) present the greatest challenge to your vehicle's operating efficiency. Since these conditions cannot be avoided, prepare your car for winter by performing a complete vehicle checkup.


Have your mechanic check the following items:

1. Electrical system

Battery
The heart of your vehicle's electrical system is the battery. Cold weather starts require a battery that is fully charged. Have your battery checked and replaced if needed. It's a good idea to get your alternator or generator, voltage regulator and drive belts checked as well.

Ignition system
Damaged ignition wires, a cracked distributor cap or worn spark plugs can make starting difficult or may cause a sudden vehicle breakdown.

Lights
During the winter, working lights become more critical for others to see you. Make sure all your lights and lenses are clean and functioning properly. Grime on headlight lenses reduces effectiveness by 90 percent.

2. Brake system
The ability to slow the vehicle is critical in any driving environment. Have your brakes checked regularly and do not delay any necessary maintenance or repairs.

3. Tires
The amount of traction that exists between the tires and roadway surface determines how well the vehicle accelerates, turns and stops. Make certain your tires are properly inflated and in good condition. If you live in a region that receives light to moderate snowfall, then a set of all-season tires (M+S rated) might be the answer to your winter driving needs. For driving in greater amounts of snow, tires specifically designed for use in snow would be a better choice.

While it is best to purchase tires in sets of four, if you only purchase two, mount them on the rear wheels. For extreme snow and ice driving conditions, tire chains can provide the best traction. If chains are necessary, they should be on all four tires.

4. The exhaust system
The exhaust system serves two main purposes. First, it carries off carbon monoxide and other harmful gases produced by the engine. Second, it muffles engine noise. Have a mechanic check your exhaust system for leaks in order to minimize the chances of carbon monoxide poisoning. Carbon monoxide is odorless and very hard to detect. If your car is stuck in the snow and you have the engine running, open a window slightly and clear snow away from the exhaust pipe.

5. Heating and cooling system
Make sure your vehicle's cooling system contains enough antifreeze to prevent freezing in cold weather. Keep the mixture fresh by changing it regularly and having the entire system checked for leaks. Check your vehicle owner's manual to determine the best type of coolant for your vehicle.

6. Windshield wipers, washer, glass and vehicle exterior
Clean windows offer optimal visibility. Thus, wiper blades that streak the windshield should be replaced. The washer reservoir bottle should be filled with an antifreeze washer solvent. To prevent damage to your wiper blades or wiper motor, be sure the wipers are free of ice and snow and turned off before starting the engine.